"Molecular Lock" Technology Enables Longer Lifetime Silicon Anode Batteries
According to foreign media reports, the idea of ​​a long-lived battery is one step closer to its realization. The problem before was that some kind of battery material can have a lot of energy, but it will soon be broken down. The good news is that this shortcoming can be overcome by keeping the silicon material in the battery through the 'wheel lock' structure. For manufacturers, instead of choosing graphite, they prefer to use silicon to make anode assemblies for batteries. After all, the latter can store 5 times more energy. However, it is not without its drawbacks. It is particularly prone to rupture after 400% expansion, which means that the battery life is very poor. Slide-sliding polyrotaxanes impart unusually high elasticity to new cell binders to extend the cycle life of silicon microparticle electrodes in lithium-ion batteries. According to an article recently published in the journal Science, scientists have created molecular-grade "engineering pulleys." These pulleys lock the silicon tightly so they do not swell. The test found that the new battery can still maintain 98% of the electricity after hundreds of cycles, and the battery life is equivalent to the graphite anode. Obviously, this major advancement in energy storage technology can greatly advance the development of electric vehicles and other fields. Here's how the next battery works: The two ends of the battery are divided into anodes and cathodes, in which the lithium cathode has positrons and the anode has negatively charged ions. When charging, lithium ions will run from the cathode to the anode; when discharging, this process will be reversed. Jang Wook Choi, co-author and KAIST engineer, said: Typically, the anode is made of graphite. Early research on silicon anodes used an adhesive. However, this process is too rigid to move or secure the particles with silicon. However, in the new study, the Choi team created a double-effect adhesive that is not only elastic enough to adapt to expansion, but strong enough not to break silicon. The co-author of the paper, Ali Coskun, also from KAIST, stated: This 'wheel lock' is called 'polyrotaxane' and consists of a 'threaded ring' that can slide up and down. It can move with the expansion of the silicon anode and lock it firmly to prevent it from overstretching and disintegrating. It should be pointed out that Coskun is a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Northwestern in the United States and Fraser Stoddart, who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2016.
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