Detailed explanation of thermal decomposition equipment of waste plastics
Thermal decomposition device (1) Oiling device: mainly based on treating liquid, such as atactic polypropylene or low-polymerization polyethylene, which is liquid when heated at a lower temperature, so a tubular still or a tank type (tank) reactor is used. Process it. Type of reactor: As shown in Figure 4-17, the reactor can be divided into decomposition and distillation type, cracking type, tube type and catalytic decomposition type. A decomposed distillate type reactor is used for thermally decomposing polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene waste, and the products thereof are all low molecular substances. Among them, polyethylene is solid at room temperature, liquid at >2000C, decomposed oil is equivalent to kerosene, has a large boiling point range, and has a high cetane number, and can be used as a fuel oil for diesel engines. The decomposition gas accounts for 4% to 7% of the decomposed distillate, and is mainly methane, ethane, propane, propylene, and the like. Polypropylene thermally decomposed oligomeric oil is a yellowish transparent liquid with low viscosity, not only as a fuel oil, but also hydrogenated for other uses. The decomposition gas accounts for 3% to 6% of the decomposed distillate, and is mainly propylene, isobutylene, methane, ethane, and the like. The polystyrene thermal decomposition oil is mainly styrene monomer, benzene. Toluene, ethylbenzene, propylbenzene, cumene, dimers, trimers, etc., can be completely burned under appropriate conditions. The decomposition gas accounts for 0.1%~0.15% of the decomposition distillate. The catalytic decomposition type is to further decompose and synthesize the thermally decomposed gasified hydrocarbon by the action of a catalyst. For example, after the waste polyethylene is thermally decomposed at 3,500 C to 5000 C, it is reacted with hydrogen under the action of a catalyst such as zinc chloride to obtain a gasoline having a high octane number.
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