What are the occupational hazards of producing nickel hydroxide from sulfuric acid leached ore?
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Expert reply: Wu Yong, Associate Professor, Department of Process Equipment and Safety Engineering, Sichuan University
The production of nickel hydroxide by sulfuric acid leaching ore is a wet smelting technology developed in the 1970s, and is suitable for treating low-iron high-magnesium ore containing 1.0% to 2.0% of nickel.
   The typical process is as follows: raw material pulping→heating atmospheric pressure acid leaching→iron removal→thickener countercurrent washing→supernatant filtrate and alkali to produce nickel hydroxide slurry→concentrated pressure filtration→nickel hydroxide intermediate product.
   The specific process is that the ore is made into a slurry of about 100 mesh by a jaw crusher and a ball mill, and the metal such as nickel, iron, magnesium, etc. is leached by heating to 60 ° C by sulfuric acid. The leachate is neutralized and iron removed, and the control end point pH is about 4.0, and then the washing and liquid-solid separation are completed by a dense countercurrent washing machine. The supernatant is further neutralized with a base to control the pH value of 8 to 9, and the nickel is converted into a nickel hydroxide precipitate, which is filtered and washed by a filter press to form a nickel hydroxide intermediate product.
   According to China's "Catalogue of Occupational Disease Hazard Classifications", the main occupational hazards of the process include: occupational hazards of dust, occupational hazards of chemical substances (sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide), physical occupational hazards (noise, vibration, high temperature) and The hazard of occupational eye disease (sulphate acid mist).
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