Do not be optimistic about the rise in spring temperatures, beware of the “killer” of agriculture

Don't look at the weather in these days. It's a cold winter. Now it's finally spring breeze and the sun is everywhere. In fact, in the spring, changes in meteorological elements such as temperature, airflow, and pressure are the most impermanent. Therefore, if the temperature rises too fast at this time, it is very likely that there will be a "cold spring" weather.

The so-called "cold spring cold" is the warm and cold weather that has been slowed down by frequent cold air and lasted for more than 1-2 weeks. This kind of "pre-spring warm, cold after the cold" The weather is called "the cold spring." This erratic weather is usually the most likely to occur in March and April. In addition to people who are prone to illness, the weather of "cold spring" is particularly harmful to crops.

The “cold spring” has a great impact on crops, especially for some early-sown crops. In the planting of fruit trees, the impact of “cold spring cold” is also very large, so some people say that in the spring, “cold spring cold” is a big “killer” for fruit trees to increase production and income. If no measures are taken to prevent it, the fruit trees will be rejected.

The effect of “cold spring cold” on fruit trees, the main harmful fruit tree species are apricot, cherry, apple, pear, kiwi and other flowering trees. For this kind of meteorological disaster, if the fruit trees are not taken in time to prevent it, it will turn "natural disaster" into a "man-made disaster" and bring painful losses to the fruit farmers.

In fact, for fruit trees, it is not frozen in the cold winter, but it is not worthwhile to freeze in the warm spring. For the "cold spring", the key is to prevent and control the flower buds of the fruit trees to be frozen under the low temperature "cold spring" temperature. Fruit farmers who have already experienced winter prevention should actually have more experience in how to prevent frostbite in fruit trees.

For how to prevent the freezing of fruit trees, we have had a special introduction before, whether it is the low temperature rain and snow weather in winter, or the "cold spring cold" that occurs in spring, it is nothing more than prevention, so early hands and early prevention. There are only a few methods, as long as the preventive measures are taken, the effect is still obvious, and stable production and high yield are not to mention. The following describes some of the methods introduced by experts as follows for reference by the farmers who need them.

A painted white method. This is a commonly used method. Whitening the trunk in early spring can effectively reduce the absorption of solar energy by the tree, slow the temperature of the tree, and delay the sprouting of the tree bud.

B irrigation method. Irrigation of the orchard can significantly reduce the ground temperature and delay the germination and flowering of the fruit trees. It is also possible to spray water on the trees in the past to slow down the cooling of the trees and reduce the frost.

C spray method. Before the germination of the fruit trees, spraying the branches with 0.25% to 0.5% of the potassium acetate solution can inhibit the germination of the flower buds and improve the cold resistance. Before the cold and late frost, the 0.3% to 0.6% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed on the flowering fruit trees to enhance the cold resistance of the flower. It can also combine the prevention and control of pests and diseases, and timely spray a low concentration of salt water on the canopy, which can prevent pests and diseases and effectively reduce the freezing damage of flower buds.

D windproof method. A wind-proof barrier is set up at the tuyere of the orchard to protect the tree from or less from the harsh weather such as cold and night frost, and to reduce the occurrence of freezing damage to fruit trees.

E cover method. Cover the fruit trees with plastic cloth, straw curtains, banquets, crepe cloths, etc., retaining the scattered geothermal heat, blocking the invasion of the external cold, thus reducing the frost. This method is most suitable for use in young orchards or low dry dwarf trees.

F fumigation method. The orchard smoke can reduce the radiation emission of soil heat, resist the invasion of cold air, improve the penetration in the orchard, and improve the microclimate of the orchard. According to the forecast of the local meteorological department, emergency measures should be taken in advance. It can be mixed with flammable crops such as orange stalks, hay, fallen leaves, rice bran, etc., stacking 3 to 5 piles in the orchard every 667 hours, and when the night temperature drops to 0 °C, it can be ignited. But pay attention to controlling the open flame, not to let the smoke pile close to the fruit trees, so as not to damage the fruit trees.

In fact, the above several methods are some emergency preventive measures. When taking measures to prevent, the farmers need to pay attention to the weather changes, especially before the fruit trees sprout, pay attention to the weather forecast, predict the frost time and intensity, and take emergency precautions early. . In addition, it is necessary to strengthen cultivation management and improve tree resistance, such as selecting fruit tree varieties with high resistance to low temperature, scientific fertilization, strengthening pruning, and controlling pests and diseases.