Main disease prevention and control technology of wintering cucumber

1. Characteristics of the disease of the sputum: the pathogen is a fungus of the genus Hymenoptera. Low temperature and high humidity are beneficial to the disease. The soil temperature is 15 ~ 16 °C, and the bacteria grow fast. When the ground temperature is around 10 °C, it will not grow well, and the bacteria can continue to infect. The high humidity and low temperature of the soil are conducive to the occurrence of diseases, resulting in large-scale dead seedlings. Control method: In the initial stage of the disease, the seedling bed should be watered in time with 72.2% Plex water 600 times solution ( 2 to 3 kg per square meter of liquid medicine ) .

　　 2. Characteristics of the onset of blight: pathogen: a fungus belonging to the semi-known fungus, the diseased winter in the soil, and can survive for 2 to 3 years, the seedbed is warm, high-humidity, sowed too dense, the seedlings are not timely, the seedlings are long, Both are beneficial to the occurrence of blight.

Control method: water the seedbed with 72.2% Plex water 600 times solution ( 2 to 3 kg per square meter ).

　　 3. Characteristics of root rot disease: The pathogen is a subfamily fungus, the pathogen is wintering in the soil and can survive for 5 to 6 years. The spread in the seedbed is mainly soil, fertilizer, farm tools and watering. The germs invade from the seedling wounds. High temperature and high humidity are the key to the occurrence and prevalence of this disease. The plots of the seedbeds, the area of ​​the water, the application of unfertilized fertilizers, the number of underground pests, and the fact that the agricultural activities cause more root wounds are more serious. Control method: before transplanting, 72.2% Plex water 600 times solution was used to soak the seedlings, or after transplanting, 72.2% Plex aqueous solution 600 times solution was used to irrigate the roots.

　　 4. Characteristics of gray mold disease: The pathogen is a fungus of the genus Aspergillus spp., which is a low temperature and high humidity disease. Poor management, over-planting, untimely release of wind, large temperature difference between day and night, flooding of large water, etc. are conducive to the occurrence and prevalence of this disease.

Control method:

　　 (1) Sterilization and sterilization of the greenhouse. The seedling shed or production shed is sprayed in all directions with 50% of the sudanin suspension or 800 times of the wettable powder before planting .

　　 (2) Chemical control. When adding tomato to the flower, add 0.3% of the hydantoin wettable powder to prevent gray mold. It is also possible to spray Shijiale 40% suspension 1500 times solution or chlorhexidine during flowering .

　　 5. Characteristics of downy mildew: The pathogen is a Cuban pseudo-frozen mold, and the pathogen is spread by wind and rain. In the case of the protected land and the annual planting of the open field, alternate infestation, wintering and summer. The appropriate temperature for the disease is 20 to 24 °C. The disease mainly infects functional leaves. Control method: In the initial selection, Antaisheng 70% wettable powder 700 to 1000 times liquid spray. During the peak period and cucumber harvesting period, 68.75% silver phlegm suspension was used to spray evenly from 50 to 75 ml / mu.

　　 6. Characteristics of anthrax disease: The pathogen is a fungus, and the pathogen mainly overwinters in the soil on the seed or the diseased body. Invaded by the epidermis and wounds of plants. Large water flooding, large temperature difference between day and night, excessive plant density, untimely release of wind and excessive nitrogen fertilizer are beneficial to this disease. Control method: Spray with 50% wettable powder (1000-2000 times ) .

　　 7. Characteristics of the pathogenesis of black spot disease: The pathogen belongs to the semi-known bacteria sub-gate, and the pathogen is overwintered in the soil with the mycelium and mycelium with the diseased body.

Seed carrier is the main way to spread the disease over long distances. Plants are too dense, canopy, weather continuous rain, less light, humidity, etc., which is conducive to the occurrence and prevalence of scab. Prevention and treatment methods: Once the disease occurs, it should be applied immediately. Good choice of 43% of Lectra SC 3000 times.

　　 8. Characteristics of Sclerotium disease: The pathogen is a fungus of Ascomycetes, which is mainly caused by sclerotia in the soil. Low temperature, high humidity environment, temperature 15 ~ 20 °C, relative humidity 85% or more, is conducive to the occurrence of diseases. Low temperature, high humidity, severe planting, poor drainage and excessive nitrogen fertilizer are serious. Control method: 50% sudanin suspension can be used 1500 times spray.

　　 9. Characteristics of the disease of the blight: The pathogen is a subspecies fungus of Ascomycetes, and the pathogens often overwinter with the diseased bodies in the soil or attached to seeds, shelves and scaffolding. Spread through seeds, farming operations, irrigation water and wind and rain. High temperature and high humidity are good for the disease. Control method: use 50% sudanin suspension or wettable powder 1000 times spray.

　　 10. Characteristics of the epidemic disease: The pathogen is a genus of the genus Lactobacillus, and high temperature and high humidity are important conditions for the onset. The suitable temperature for sporangia production and germination is 25 ~ 30 °C. Low temperature rainfall, high temperature and high humidity are beneficial to the epidemic. Field flood irrigation, application of unfertilized fertilizer and over-planting are all beneficial to this disease. Control method: At the beginning of the disease, Antaisheng 70% wettable powder 700 times liquid, moldy grams 66.8% wettable powder 700 times liquid, and the lower leaves and young parts of the plant were sprayed.