Building energy efficiency

Building energy conservation is one of the important links related to China's construction of low-carbon economy, completion of energy-saving emission reduction targets, and sustainable economic development. In order to do a good job in building energy conservation and to complete various indicators, we need to carefully plan and push forward, and we must start from the details in a down-to-earth manner.

Building energy conservation is complex and arduous. It involves governments, businesses and the general public. It involves many industries and enterprises. It involves new buildings and old buildings and is very difficult to implement. In the initial advancement of building energy efficiency, we must pay attention, cost and cost. Judging from the practical effects of these years, it is very difficult to complete building energy-saving tasks and indicators by simply introducing some simple requirements, measures and methods. This requires us to think again and conduct more comprehensive, meticulous and in-depth research. The crux of the problem lies.

For the new construction to be strictly managed, it is necessary to meet the building energy-saving standards. This should not be ambiguous; for the energy-saving renovation of existing buildings, it is necessary to have more efforts and more methods, and to promote the pilot experience, and adopt the principle of “easy first, then difficult, first public and private”. In the process of building a house, building energy conservation should focus on solving problems such as external wall insulation and window door insulation. Many building leaks occur in this respect. In addition, buildings that can use solar energy should maximize the use of this resource, and integrate solar energy and building in the design process to increase the harmony and aesthetics of the building; fully implement the water utilization and rainwater harvesting system, and vigorously promote waste. The recycling of building materials and construction waste allows resources to be fully utilized.

For new buildings, as long as the legal system is sound, standard support, and support policies are in place, basically 50% of energy-saving standards can be achieved. However, in order to promote 65% or 75% of energy-saving standards, many cities still have difficulties, and they need to increase measures in terms of building insulation materials management and technical standards; it is more difficult to renovate existing building renovations and heating facilities. Large, it needs to be considered in a coordinated manner, implemented step by step, and supported by fiscal and taxation policies, giving certain subsidies to accelerate the pace of energy-saving renovation of existing buildings. In order to achieve full energy-saving standards for new buildings, there should be no gaps; the gradual transformation of existing buildings should be carried out in the order of first public buildings, commercial buildings, and rear houses, that is, the relatively easy construction should be firstly reconstructed, and then gradually solved more complicated. Residential energy saving issues.

Building energy conservation is a systematic project. In the process of comprehensive promotion, it is necessary to formulate relevant supporting policies and regulations. The enforcement must be strengthened; there must be matching standards, including technical standards, product standards and management standards. It is convenient to carry out supervision and inspection during the implementation process; for new technologies, new processes, new equipment, new materials, new products, etc., we must support the policy and increase market promotion. All in all, to do a good job in building energy conservation, as long as the relevant departments and governments at all levels work together and cooperate closely, China's energy conservation goals can be achieved. [4]

China is a large developing country and a large building country. The annual housing area is as high as 1.7-1.8 billion square meters, which exceeds the total construction area of ​​all developed countries. With the gradual advancement of building a well-off society in an all-round way, the construction industry has developed rapidly and building energy consumption has grown rapidly. The so-called building energy consumption refers to the energy consumption of buildings, including heating, air conditioning, hot water supply, lighting, cooking, household appliances, elevators and other aspects of energy consumption. The energy consumption of heating and air conditioning accounts for 60%~70%. China has nearly 40 billion square meters of buildings, only 1% of which are energy-efficient buildings. The rest are high-energy buildings, measured by building envelopes and heating and air conditioning systems. The energy consumption per unit area of ​​heating is equivalent to 2 to 3 times that of developed countries with similar latitudes. This is due to the poor thermal insulation performance of China's building envelopes, and 2/3 of the heating energy used to run away. The annual number of newly built buildings is really less than 100 million square meters. The total energy consumption of buildings has exceeded 27% of China's total energy consumption, and is gradually approaching 30%. [2]

Since China is a developing country with a large population, the per capita energy resources are relatively scarce. The per capita arable land is only one-third of the world's per capita arable land, and the water resources are only one-fourth of the world's per capita possession. The proven coal reserves account for only 11% of the world's reserves, and crude oil accounts for 2.4%. The solid clay bricks used in the new construction every year will destroy 120,000 mu of fertile land. The level of material consumption is 10%-25% higher than that of developed countries, and 80 kg of cement per cubic meter of concrete. The wastewater reuse rate is only 25%. To achieve sustainable development in the national economy, it is imperative to implement building energy conservation. At present, China's building energy consumption is extremely serious, and the growth rate of building energy consumption far exceeds the speed of China's energy production. If this high-energy building continues to develop, the country's energy production will be difficult to support this kind of long-term. Wasted demand, and thus forced to organize large-scale energy-saving renovation of old houses, which will cost more manpower and resources. Actively improving energy efficiency in buildings can greatly alleviate the country's energy shortage and promote the development of China's national economic construction. Therefore, building energy conservation is an important measure to implement a sustainable development strategy, achieve national energy conservation planning goals, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, in line with global development trends.

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